Nirmatrelvir ndi inhibitor ya SARS-CoV-2 main protease (Mpro), yomwe imatchedwanso 3C-like protease (3CLpro) kapena nsp5 protease. Kuletsa kwa SARS-CoV-2 Mpro kumapangitsa kuti zisakwanitse kukonza ma polyprotein precursors, kuteteza ma virus.

Nirmatrelvir inaletsa ntchito ya recombinant SARS-CoV-2 Mpro pakuyesa kwachilengedwe pazambiri zomwe zingatheke mu vivo. Nirmatrelvir idapezeka kuti imamanga mwachindunji ku SARS-CoV-2 Mpro yogwira ntchito ndi X-ray crystallography.

Ritonavir ndi HIV-1 protease inhibitor koma sagwira ntchito motsutsana ndi SARS-CoV-2 Mpro. Ritonavir imalepheretsa kagayidwe ka CYP3A-mediated ka nirmatrelvir, zomwe zimapangitsa kuchuluka kwa plasma kwa nirmatrelvir.

Mankhwalawa akulimbikitsidwa. Zapatsidwa chilolezo chogwiritsa ntchito mwadzidzidzi ndi FDA pochiza matenda ochepera mpaka pang'ono a coronavirus (COVID-19) mwa akulu ndi ana odwala (wazaka 12 ndi kupitilirapo olemera ma kilogalamu 40 kapena pafupifupi mapaundi 88) zotsatira zabwino zakuyezetsa mwachindunji kwa SARS-CoV-2, komanso omwe ali pachiwopsezo chachikulu chopitilira COVID-19, kuphatikiza kugona m'chipatala kapena kufa. Nirmatrelvir/ritonavir iyenera kuyambitsidwa posachedwa atapezeka ndi COVID-19 komanso mkati mwa masiku asanu chizindikiro chayamba.

Malangizo amachokera ku EPIC-HR, kuyesa kwachipatala kwa Phase2/3 komwe kumayesa mphamvu ya nirmaltrelivir/ritonavir vs. anthu omwe ali pachiwopsezo chodwala matenda oopsa amachepetsa chiopsezo chogonekedwa m'chipatala kapena kufa m'masiku 28 88%.